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English Comprehension (Eng101)
Spring 2022
Assignment No. 1
Total Marks: 20
Lectures: 1-13
Instructions:
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Q1. Reading is an activity that leads to the development of critical thinking skills. The purpose of reading is to comprehend and infer meanings from written texts. A passage has been given. Your task is to read the passage carefully and answer the multiple-choice questions given below. (2*5=10 Marks)
Sportsmanship can be conceptualized as an enduring and relatively stable characteristic or disposition such that individuals differ in the way they are generally expected to behave in sports situations. In general, sportsmanship refers to virtues such as fairness, self-control, courage, and persistence, and has been associated with interpersonal concepts of treating others and being treated fairly, maintaining self-control if dealing with others, and respect for both authority and opponents. Sportsmanship is also looked at as being the way one reacts to a sport/game/player.
The four elements of sportsmanship are often shown to be good form, the will to win, equity, and fairness. All four elements are critical and a balance must be found among all four for true sportsmanship to be illustrated. These elements may also cause conflict, as a person may desire to win more than play in equity and fairness and thus resulting in a clash within the aspects of sportsmanship. This will cause problems as the person believes they are being a good sportsman, but they are defeating the purpose of this idea as they are ignoring two key components of being sportsmanlike. When athletes become too self-centered, the idea of sportsmanship is dismissed.
Today’s sporting culture, in particular the base of elite sport, places great importance on the idea of competition and winning and thus sportsmanship takes a back seat as a result. In most, if not all sports, sportsmen at the elite level make the standards on sportsmanship and no matter whether they like it or not, they are seen as leaders and role models in society.
Since every sport is rule-driven, the most common offense of bad sportsmanship is the act of cheating or breaking the rules to gain an unfair advantage. A competitor who exhibits poor sportsmanship after losing a game or contest is often called a “sore loser”, while a competitor who exhibits poor sportsmanship after winning is typically called a “bad winner”. Sore loser behavior includes blaming others for the loss, not accepting responsibility for personal actions that contributed to the defeat, reacting to the loss in an immature or improper fashion, making excuses for the defeat, and citing unfavorable conditions or other petty issues as reasons for the defeat. A bad winner acts in a shallow fashion after his or her victory, such as by gloating about his or her win, rubbing the win in the face(s) of the opponent(s), and lowering the opponent(s)’s self-esteem by constantly reminding the opponent(s) of “poor” performance in comparison (even if the opponent(s) competed well). Not showing respect to the other team is considered to be a bad sportsman and could lead to demoralizing effects; as Leslie Howe describes: “If a pitcher in baseball decides to pitch not to his maximum ability suggest that the batter is not at an adequate level, it could lead to the batter to have low self-confidence or worth.
- Is it necessary to strike a balance between all the four elements of sportsmanship?
- No
- Yes
- Any two can be balanced
- Only one is sufficient
- Why has sportsmanship taken a backseat today?
- Due to a lack of balance between the elements
- Due to the emphasis on winning
- Due to drug abuse
- Due to a lack of equity and fairness
- If one does not accept responsibility for one’s defeat, one is called a:
- Sore loser
- Bad winner
- Good sportsman
- Prudent sportsman
- From the last paragraph, give the opposite of the word ‘deep’:
- Competitor
- Pitch
- Immature
- Shallow
- When does the spirit of sportsmanship die?
- When the sportsman becomes too self-centered
- When the player loses the will to play
- When the sportsman behaves badly
- When the sportsman breaks the rules
Q2. Facts and opinions are often woven together in texts and speeches. For higher-level reading comprehension, it is essential that you are able to unravel the threads of what is true from what is mere belief. Keeping this in mind read the given story carefully and then identify the given statements as fact or opinion. (2*5=10 Marks)
Jack lives in a small town in Australia. The closest big city is an hour’s drive away. Jack looks forward to going to the city because when they drive through the countryside, they almost always see kangaroos. Sometimes they even see a baby kangaroo riding in its mother’s pouch. Jack knows all about kangaroos. A baby is called a joey, a mother is called a doe, and a father is called a boomer. A group of kangaroos is called a mob. Once, Jack saw a kangaroo jump about three times its height. It was an amazing sight! He knows that when kangaroos are hopping along at high speed, they can go as fast as 40 miles per hour. Jack also knows that even though kangaroos are fun to look at, you wouldn’t want to try to pet one. If a kangaroo thinks it is in danger, it just might lean back on its big tail and kick you with its back feet.
- Jack lives an hour’s drive away from the city FACT
- Jack likes when his family drives to the city. OPINION
- Baby kangaroos are called joeys. FACT
- Jack was amazed at the sight of a kangaroo jumping almost three times its height. OPINION
- Kangaroos can sustain a speed of 40 km/h.OPINION